Is Green Zakat the Missing Link between Islamic Philanthropy and Environmental Justice?

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of Green Zakat as a form of Islamic philanthropy that embodies environmental sustainability and ecological justice. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through conceptual–integrative analysis and a systematic literature review, the study examines the role of zakat not only as an instrument of economic redistribution but also as a potential source of green finance in supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 13 (Climate Action) and Goal 15 (Life on Land). The findings reveal that Green Zakat has a strong theological foundation within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, especially in the dimensions of protecting life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), wealth (ḥifẓ al-māl), and the environment (ḥifẓ al-bi’ah). In Indonesia, the implementation of Green Zakat has begun to develop through initiatives by BAZNAS and other zakat institutions that allocate zakat funds for environmentally friendly activities such as sustainable agriculture, nature conservation, and renewable energy projects. However, challenges remain in terms of regulatory frameworks, governance, and institutional capacity. The study concludes that Green Zakat can serve as a strategic bridge between Islamic philanthropy and environmental justice if supported by adaptive policies, cross-sector collaboration, and enhanced ecological zakat literacy.